Kubva panguva iyo mabhasikoro ekutanga akatanga kugadzirwa uye kutengeswa muhafu yechipiri yezana ramakore re19 France vanobva vangobatana padhuze nemujaho.Mumakore ekutanga aya, mijaho yaiwanzoitwa pamadaro mapfupi nekuti varombo mushandisi-kunyaradza uye kuvaka zvinhu zvaisatendera vatyairi kutyaira nekukurumidza kwenguva yakareba.Nekudaro, nekumanikidzwa kubva kune akawanda anogadzira mabhasikoro akatanga kuoneka muParis, kambani yekutanga yakagadzira bhasikoro remazuva ano rekutanga, Michaux Company, yakafunga kusimudzira chiitiko chimwe chikuru chemujaho chakamutsa kufarira kukuru kubva kune veParisians.Mujaho uyu wakaitika musi wa31 Chivabvu 1868 paParc de Saint-Cloud, akahwina ari muRungu James Moore.Pakarepo mushure maizvozvo, mijaho yemabhasikoro yakave yakajairika muFrance neItaly, nezviitiko zvakawanda uye zvakaramba zvichiedza kupinza miganhu yemabhasikoro emapuranga neesimbi ayo panguva iyoyo akanga asati ava nemavhiri erabha anopinza mweya.Vazhinji vagadziri vemabhasikoro vakatsigira zvizere mujaho wemabhasikoro, vachigadzira mhando dziri nani uye dziri nani dzaive dzakagadzirirwa kushandiswa chete mujaho, uye vakwikwidzi vakatanga kuwana mibairo inoremekedzeka kubva kuzviitiko zvakadaro.
Nepo mitambo yemabhasikoro yakawedzera kufarirwa, mijaho pachayo yakatanga kuitwa kwete mumigwagwa yeruzhinji chete asiwo pamakwara emujaho akagadzirwa kare nemavelodrome.Pakazosvika 1880s nema1890s, mijaho yemabhasikoro yakagamuchirwa zvakanyanya seimwe yemitambo mitsva yakanakisa.Fanbase yehunyanzvi hwekuchovha bhasikoro yakakura zvakanyanya nekuzivikanwa kwemujaho wakareba, kunyanya Italian Milan-Turing nhangemutange muna 1876, Belgian Liege-Bastogne-Liege muna 1892, neFrench Paris-Roubaix muna 1896. United States yakaitisawo mijaho yayo. , zvinonyanya kukosha muma1890 apo mijaho yemazuva matanhatu yakanga yakakurumbira (pakutanga kumanikidza mutyairi mumwe chete kutyaira pasina kumira, asi gare gare kubvumira zvikwata zvevarume vaviri).Mijaho yemabhasikoro yaive yakakurumbira zvekuti yakaverengerwa muMitambo yeOlympic yemazuva ano yekutanga muna 1896.
Nezvishandiso zviri nani zvemabhasikoro, dhizaini nyowani uye kukurumbira kukuru neveruzhinji uye nevatsigiri, maFrench akafunga kuronga chiitiko chaive nechishuwo chikuru - nhangemutange yebhasikoro iyo ichapfuura France yese.Yakaparadzaniswa mumatanho matanhatu uye yakafukidza 1500 mamaira, yekutanga Tour de France yakaitwa muna 1903. Kutanga muParis, nhangemutange yakatamira kuLyon, Marseille, Bordeaux neNantes isati yadzokera kuParis.Nemubairo muhombe uye nekukurudzira kukuru kuchengetedza kumhanya kwakanaka kwe20 km/h, vangangosvika makumi masere vakasaina vakasaina kumujaho unotyisa iwoyo, Maurice Garin achihwina nzvimbo yekutanga mushure mekutyaira kwe94h 33m 14s uye kuhwina mubairo wakaenzana nemubhadharo wegore negore. vashandi vatanhatu vomufekitari.Kukurumbira kweTour de France kwakawedzera kusvika padanho rakadaro, zvekuti vatyairi vemijaho muna 1904 vaiwanzoiswa nevanhu vaida kubiridzira.Mushure mekupokana kwakawanda uye huwandu hunoshamisa hwekurambwa, kuhwina kwepamutemo kwakapihwa kumutyairi weFrance ane makore makumi maviri Henri Cornet.
Pashure peHondo Yenyika I, kufarira mujaho wemabhasikoro kwakanonoka kusimba, kunyanya kufa kwevatyairi vepamusoro vekuEurope uye kuoma kweupfumi hwenyika.Panguva iyoyo, mijaho yebhasikoro yehunyanzvi yakave yakakurumbira muUnited States (avo vaisafarira mijaho yedaro refu semuEurope).Kumwe kurova kukuru kune mukurumbira wekuchovha mabhasikoro kwakabva kuindasitiri yemotokari, iyo yakasimudzira nzira dzekufambisa dzinokurumidza.Mushure meHondo Yenyika II, nyanzvi yebhasikoro yakakwanisa kuve yakatonyanya kufarirwa muEurope, ichikwezva mibairo yakakura uye ichimanikidza mutyairi webhasikoro kubva kumativi ese enyika kuti akwikwidze pazviitiko zvakawanda zveEurope nekuti nyika dzekumba kwavo hadzina kuenderana nedanho resangano, makwikwi. nemari yemubayiro.Pakazosvika ma1960, vatyairi vekuAmerica vakapinda munhandare yemabhasikoro muEurope, zvisinei nema1980 vatyairi vekuEurope vakatanga makwikwi zvakanyanya muUnited States.
Pakupera kwezana ramakore rechi20, mijaho yenyanzvi dzemabhasikoro emakomo yakabuda, uye zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvaita kuti bhasikoro rezana ramakore re21 rinyanye kukwikwidza uye kunakidza kuona.Kwasara makore anopfuura zana gare gare, Tour de France neGiro d'Italia mijaho miviri ine mukurumbira yemabhasikoro marefu pasi rose.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-07-2022